Solutions - Chapter 2 - Kozier Erb's Fundamentals Nursing - 10 Ed

 

10TYK. A nurse proposes that the hospital apply the findings from a re­cent research study that shows that ciients appreciate classical orchestra music and playing it frequently lowers clients' blood pressure. Which aspect of research suggests that it may not be appropriate to implement this as evidence-based practice?

1.  All research is flawed.
2.  The research would not have taken into consideration the cost of acquiring and playing the music in a hospital.
3.  One study would not be sufficient to show that all clients would find orchestral music pleasing.
4.  Research cannot demonstrate clients' appreciation of music since research is only appropriate for physiological problems.

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1CTC. Critical Thinking Checkpoint
Tony is a 32-year-old man with HIV. His first AIDS-defining illness caused his weight to drop from 175 to 116 pounds due to intractable diarrhea. The physician thought caloric intake was of primary importance and urged Tony to eat whatever he wanted. The physician also prescribed tincture of opium for the diarrhea, but Tony hated the tincture of opium because it made him feel out of control. Because Tony was getting worse, his nurse argued that he needed intravenous nutrition and should eat only bananas, rice, applesauce, and weak tea until the diarrhea stopped. The nurse suggested adding other foods one at a time and only as tolerated. Tony's family and friends offered to take control of Tony's food preparation.
The physician compared AIDS to advanced cancer and argued he would not prescribe intravenous nutrition for advanced cancer.
The nurse argued that this was Tony’s first AIDS infection and that his prognosis was better than someone with advanced cancer. The nurse's primary focus was on stopping the diarrhea, and supplementing nutrition with IVs. Tony’s friends preferred the nurse's approach, but Tony was not as easily convinced.
What concepts are present In this case?
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1TYK. Which of the following is the lowest level of “best evidence" for evidence-based practice?

1.  Clinical experiences
2.  Opinions of experts
3.  Client values and preferences
4.  Trial and error

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2CTC. Imagine that you have read a research report that found a new type of mattress overlay reduced the incidence of skin breakdown by 25%. Before you recommend that your agency purchase these overlays:
How would other aspects of EBP be brought into this situation?
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2TYK. A quantitative research approach is most appropriate for which study?

1.  A study measuring the effects of sleep deprivation on wound healing
2.  A study examining the bereavement process in spouses of clients with terminal cancer
3.  A study exploring factors influencing weight control behavior
4.  A study examining a client’s feelings before and after a bone marrow aspiration

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3CTC. Imagine that you have read a research report that found a new type of mattress overlay reduced the incidence of skin breakdown by 25%. Before you recommend that your agency purchase these overlays:
What additional aspects would you take into consideration?
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3TYK. A qualitative research approach is most appropriate for which study?

1.  A study measuring nutrition and weight loss or gain in clients with cancer
2.  A study examining oxygen levels after endotracheal suctioning
3.  A study examining client reactions to stress after open heart surgery
4.  A study measunng differences in blood pressure before, during, and after a procedure

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4TYK. A key function of a study’s methodology is to

1.  Determine the hypotheses that will be tested in the study.
2.  Exercise control over contaminating factors in the study environment.
3.  Identify grants and other funding sources for conducting the study.
4.  Protect the rights of the study's participants.

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5TYK. In the PICO format for phrasing research questions and identifying key terms for a literature search, what does the "P" stand for?

1.  Patterns
2.  Population
3.  Probability
4.  Purpose

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6TYK. Which of the following is a nursing responsibility when reading published nursing research?

1.  Assume that the research was properly conducted since it has been published.
2.  Evaluate whether the findings are applicable to the nurse’s specific clients.
3.  Implement the research findings if at least two studies have shown the same results.
4.  Request the raw data from the researchers so that the nurse can analyze the statistics again.

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7TYK. A research critique can best be defined as a/an

1.  Appraisal of a study’s strengths and weaknesses.
2.  Conclusion about the utilization potential of a Study’s findings.
3.  Criticism of a study's flaws.
4.  Summary of a study’s key points.

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8TYK. An 85-year-old client in a nursing home tells a nurse, "Because the doctor was so insistent, I signed the papers for that research study. Also, I was afraid he would not continue taking care of me.” Which client right is being violated?

1.  Right not to be harmed
2.  Right to full disclosure
3.  Right to privacy and confidentiality
4.  Right to self-determination

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9TYK. Place each of the following steps of evidence-based practice change in their usual sequence.

1.  Locate the best evidence.
2.  Ask the clinical question.
3.  Assess the need for change.
4.  Integrate the change with client preferences.
5.  Analyze the evidence.
6.  Implement and evaluate the change.

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